Returning to class in
the fall of 2018, a new awareness of the need to talk of life and death
“Man’s search for meaning is the primary
motivation in his life and not a ‘secondary rationalization’ of instinctual
drives.  This meaning is unique and
specific in that it must and can be fulfilled by him alone; only then does it
achieve a significance which will satisfy his own will to meaning.”
Man’s Search for Meaning, Victor Frankl
Have you ever felt like nobody was there?
Have you felt forgotten in the middle of
nowhere?
Have you ever felt like you could disappear?
Like you could fall and no one would hear?
Well,
let that lonely feeling wash away
Maybe
there's a reason to believe you'll be okay
Cause
when you don't feel strong enough to stand
You
can reach, reach out your hand
                                                           
“You Will Be Found,” From Dear Evan Hansen
  
“Netflix released ‘13
Reasons Why’ season 2 last
Friday — and the popular (and controversial) teen-suicide drama immediately
popped to the top spot among all U.S. digital original series, according to new
data…. ‘13 Reasons Why’ was the most popular show in the U.S. on a seven-day
average per-capita basis (from May 14-20) ….”[i]
        Information
– “Talk to Someone” - https://13reasonswhy.info/
May you have a strong foundation
When the winds of changes shift
When the winds of changes shift
       “Forever Young,” Bob Dylan
I imagine you too have found it unnerving to
encounter the stream of articles the past few months on the number of suicides
among our youth. (I list many in the sidebar, below.)
I
have argued recently that the mission of schools is to prepare students, above
all, for life, not for careers and the
workforce.[ii]
In this newsletter I speak of life
quite literally.  Over death. 
If I were teaching again this year, I would
find it impossible not to be thinking, more than ever, about the mental health
of my students.  As teachers we keep the
overall well-being of the kids and teenagers in our classrooms front and center;
in some fashion every adult in the school building hopes we play a role in
helping our students gain “a strong foundation.”   As we
begin the new school year it feels especially important to acknowledge the
emotional struggles of so many of our students, and to ask: what is our
responsibility? 
| 
Educators
  cannot ignore that question, or the issue of teen suicide.  We are putting our heads in the sand if we
  do.   
What
  does this mean for a teacher? Are we supposed to be part counselor?
  Psychiatrist?  Minister, priest, rabbi,
  imam? 
Most
  middle and high school teachers already feel burdened by so many
  expectations—do a good job by 150 students, know them well, individualize,
  personalize, and differentiate, etc. etc. 
  Is it also up to us to save them, body and soul?  To be sure they choose life? 
The
  issue hit home over 35 years ago.  I
  had taught the senior and was friendly with his family; they lived up the
  street.  I drove to the hospital when I
  heard of the attempted suicide.  He was
  in a coma when I got there.  Hugs with
  his frightened mom and dad.  All of us
  asking why. 
He
  survived – and when he walked across the stage that June to receive his
  diploma, there were more than few tears of joy. Tragedy avoided. 
Like
  most, I know something of depression and dark thoughts. It did not take me
  eight years to wander in and out of college, at times lost, before getting my
  degree—because I was in great spirits. 
  And yet this topic is too vast, too great a mystery.  I have no answers.  
“Attention
  must be paid” - from Death of a
  Salesman 
Perhaps
  all I can hope to do here is convince you how important it is that we pay
  attention. That we ask ourselves some hard questions. 
What
  follows is merely one educator’s belief, based in part on 18 years teaching
  English, where the literature asked students to understand characters in
  their search for meaning, and frequently invited discussions on death,
  mortality, and suicide.    
I
  believe the classroom can be a place where—directly or indirectly—we  explore the big questions.  Including the one raised whenever suicide
  appears: why choose life?  Educators
  who have read Man’s Search for Meaning,
  by Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl, carry his message with us:  the 9-year-old, the 13-year-old, perhaps
  especially the 17-year-old—they are human beings eager to find meaning and
  purpose.  A reason to live.  A school has a responsibility to help our
  students on their journey to that goal. 
  (I doubt higher education would claim such a responsibility. See
  Frankl on “the contemporary nihilism transmitted on many an academic campus”;
  see also Allan Bloom on “the decay of the humanities” that has “left a void
  in the soul.”[iii]
   A topic for another time.) 
I
  believe that without pretending to be spiritual guides and staking claim to
  have the answer to life’s fundamental why, K-12 educators can welcome the questions
  and create opportunities for honest discussions that help our students in their
  own sometimes anguished search.       
The
  English classroom – “To be or not to be…” 
And
  while not wishing to burden one department or one dimension of the curriculum
  as the place for such discussions, I
  believe the English classroom is the most natural setting where we can engage
  our students in the big questions.  Why?
  Because it’s there in the literature we read together. I speak now of English
  in its broader context–not just where skills are taught, but as part of the
  humanities curriculum, where we read about characters and their quest to make
  sense of the human experience—and where, let’s be honest, themes of
  hopelessness and the possibility of choosing death over life appear time and
  again. 
This
  former English teacher recalls passages about suicide in works considered
  part of “the canon” of high school literature:  
9th
  grade – Romeo and Juliet, Night, The Catcher
  in the Rye  
10th
  grade - Death of a Salesman, Antigone, Julius
  Caesar   
11th
  grade – A Doll’s House, Hamlet (“To be or not to be…”) 
12th
  grade - King Lear (Gloucester
  stumbling towards the Dover cliffs)  
(You
  might recall passages from three of them – see Addendum B.)  
But
  what, exactly, is a teacher to do?  We
  want to respect students’ awareness of this issue in their lives, in their
  school and community; nevertheless, we hesitate, we give such scenes a light
  touch—and fail to make the connections. 
  How far should we go?  We are in
  dangerous territory—well beyond our expertise.  Who in our classroom carries a story of a
  friend or family member who committed suicide?  And do we know how such discussions might
  be interpreted by the teenagers in our class in considerable pain?  If not, should we even head down this road? 
The
  question, of course, goes well beyond the English classroom.  Is it appropriate the ask middle and high
  school students to confront the reality of suicide in America, in Colorado, and
  to bring it home, for us here in our community?[iv]
  And how?  Should every administrator,
  teacher, and staff member in the building—now the school resource officer
  too—see it as our role to somehow “affirm life,” whatever that may mean? 
I
  think it is.  And I believe the English
  classroom can be a place where we welcome and support the very real search taking
  place in the hearts and minds of our students. I believe it is part of our
  responsibility to these young people. 
  They need a safe place for such discussions.  And they need the assurance that we are not
  deaf - that we are open to hearing of their fears for a friend … or of their
  own confusion or dejection.  Maybe we
  can be a bridge and refer that boy or girl to those with the needed expertise
  ….     
Furthermore,
  I believe we have a responsibility to respect the literature and its
  portrayal of the human condition.  As
  teachers we don’t want our students
  to identify with 16-year-old Holden Caulfield confessing: “I felt so lonesome
  all of a sudden.  I almost wished I was
  dead” (ch. 7).  “What I really felt
  like, though, was committing suicide. I felt like jumping out the window”
  (ch. 14).  And yet some will; for a few
  guys and girls in our classes, such moments hit home.  We do not serve them well—or the author, J.
  D. Salinger—by skipping past such lines as “too dark.”    
If
  the novels, plays, and poetry we teach ask us to empathize with characters in
  despair, the English classroom can help us do so, together. 
It
  is one way we as teachers can lend an ear … and extend a hand.  | 
Quotes
  from these 15 news articles follow in Addendum A. | 
| 
“Suicidal
  thoughts, vaping and low perception of risk among concerns for El Paso County
  youth, survey finds,” The Gazette (Colorado Springs), by Debbie Kelly, July
  26, 2018. | |
| 
“We must work together to prevent
  suicide,” Denver Post, by State
  Legislator Dafna Michaelson Jenet, House District 30, June 28, 2018.   | |
| 
“Colorado Vet's
  Death Offers Glimpse Into Suicidal Mind,” The Gazette,
  by Stephanie Earls, June
  23, 2018.   | |
| 
“Rates up in all but 1 state between 1999 and 2016,”
  The Washington
  Post, by Amy Ellis Nutt, June 7,
  2018.  | |
| 
“NAMI looks ‘Below
  the Surface’ to combat teen suicide,” The Colorado
  Independent, by Faith
  Miller, June 6, 2018. | |
| 
“My Mother’s Suicide in Part of My
  Story and It’s Helping Me Change the Lives of Students,” Education
  Post, by LeeAndra Khan, CEO of Civitas Partners, June 6, 2018.  | |
| 
“Teens Are Cyberbullying Themselves. Why?”
  Education
  Week, by Sasha Jones, May 29, 2018.  | |
| 
“Greeley
  high schools rocked by series of suicides,” The Greeley Tribune, by Tommy Wood, March 26, 2018. | |
| 
“Four takeaways from a new report on the status of
  Colorado’s children,” Chalkbeat Colorado, by Ann Schimke, March 22, 2018. | |
| 
  “Colorado kids doing better in many areas, but face
  problems with suicide, school funding, infant mortality, report says,” Denver Post, by Monte Whaley, March 22, 2018. | |
| 
“Middle School Suicides Reach
  An All-Time High,” National Public Radio, by Elissa Nadworny, Nov. 4, 2016.    | |
| 
A FEW EFFORTS TO ADDRESS TEEN SUICIDE | |
| 
“School grants to fight
  suicide,” by Monte Whaley, Denver
  Post, June 24, 2018. | |
| 
“Colorado lawmakers
  take one small step – but no more – to reduce youth suicide,” Chalkbeat Colorado, by Erica Meltzer, May 8, 2018.    | |
| 
“A Growth
  Mindset Isn't Enough. It's Time for a Benefit Mindset.” Subtitle: “Could a focus
  on altruism curb student suicide?”
  Education Week, by Arina Bokas & Robert Ward, June
  19, 2018. 
Letter
  to Editor – response by
  Joseph W. Gauld, founder, Hyde School, July
  17, 2018. | |
| 
“How Teens Are
  Helping Other Teens With Suicide Prevention,” 4 CBS Denver, by Jamie Leary, Sept. 25, 2017. | 
I quote from three articles that might
be of interest. The first two especially for English teachers, the third for
any educator. I am not endorsing any program here, just sharing a few ideas and
efforts.
“Dealing
with Suicide-Related Curriculum,”[v] 
from the
Society for the Prevention of Suicide
From
classic Shakespearean literature to post-modern fiction, the theme of suicide
is woven throughout high school language arts and English assignments. It also
appears in history lessons, health classes, and psychology curricula and may be
impossible to avoid in the course of an academic year.  Its inclusion
reflects its reality as a provocative and unsettling social concern.
[Included
at this site:] … suggestions that both reflect a teacher’s sensitivity to the
reality of ‘traumatic reminders’ as well as give students permission to
emotionally take care of themselves.
When
suicide appears in other course material, classroom discussion and assignments
could explore the reasons that suicide is an international public health
concern and the strategies that have been successfully employed to address
suicide rates.   Students could be encouraged to create lists of
age-appropriate internet resources that address suicide awareness and
prevention or to develop suicide prevention resources for their peers.
  An excellent resource that models this latter strategy can be found
on the website for the Washington state youth suicide prevention program- www.yspp.org.
“Literature
as Suicide Prevention,”[vi]
Orlando Sentinel, by Linda Shrieves,
Dec. 5, 1988.
   Using examples such as ``Romeo and Juliet,``
Deats and a group of humanities professors from the university, working with
several psychotherapists, have come up with what appears to be an unlikely
method of preventing teenage suicides: having kids read and discuss literature
that focuses on suicide. They maintain that this approach will teach kids not
only the early warning signs of suicide but also that suicide isn`t a solution
to one`s problems….
   What Lenker and her colleagues are hoping is
that someday high school students across the country will read such works as
Herman Melville`s ``Moby Dick,`` Sylvia Plath`s ``The Bell Jar,`` Shakespeare`s
``Hamlet,`` William Styron`s ``Lie Down in Darkness`` and Willa Cather`s
``Paul`s Case`` and then follow the reading with group discussions to analyze
the suicidal characters. Such discussions, the educators believe, might help
students openly talk about a subject that often is not discussed at home or at
school.
   ``This is not therapy for someone who`s
already in trouble,`` said Lenker, humanities coordinator of the university`s
Division of Lifelong Learning. ``We don`t say it`s a cure-all. Unfortunately
there are none. But we are trying to show two things. One, that teen suicide is
not a late 20th Century phenomenon; the other is that literature can be used as
a way to introduce a difficult subject and to start a nonthreatening
discussion.`` 
“Middle School Suicides Reach An All-Time High,”[vii] -National Public Radio, by Elissa Nadworny, Nov. 4, 2016
    We've been reporting
about the role that schools and school staff play in addressing students'
mental health.
    "Kids spend a lot
of time at school ... it's where they live their lives," says David Jobes,
who heads the Suicide Prevention Lab at Catholic University in Washington, D.C.
"Suicide prevention has been focused on schools for a long time because
it's a place where kids are and where a lot of problems can manifest."
    Many educators don't
feel comfortable talking about suicide, or often don't know what to do or say
when a student needs help, Jobes says. He recommends resources from the American Foundation for Suicide
Prevention that
are specific to schools.
    “It's really hard to
prevent it, if we don't know it's there," he says. So educators shouldn't
be afraid to talk about suicide — because saving lives begins with ‘asking a
question.’”
[This article also includes “6 Myths About
Suicide That Every Educator And Parent Should Know.”]
Addendum A
15 articles on suicide in our country, our state
(including 10 from May to July 2018)
| 
“Suicidal
  thoughts, vaping and low perception of risk among concerns for El Paso County
  youth, survey finds,” The Gazette, by Debbie
  Kelly, July 26, 2018.[viii] 
   Responses
  from a voluntary, anonymous survey on risky teen behavior show suicide
  remains a pressing concern…. 
   According to the fall 2017 Healthy Kids
  Colorado Survey, released this week, one in five El Paso County students said
  they had seriously considered attempting suicide in the past year. The
  statewide average is 17 percent.     And almost 16 percent of El Paso County
  teens indicated they had made a plan about how they would take their lives,
  compared with 13 percent statewide…. 
   The
  county in recent years has trended “slightly higher” than statewide rates in
  terms of teen suicide, said Megan Haynes, Teen Suicide Prevention Planner for
  El Paso County Public Health…. 
    One encouraging part, Haynes said, was
  that local adolescents scored high on “protective factors,” that help ward
  off suicide attempts and other risky behavior, such as good access to mental
  health care, connectedness to family, other trusting adults and friends, and
  the ability to problem-solve and be resilient when facing life’s setbacks. 
    “These things we are hopeful about,”
  Haynes said, “such as the percentage that had someone to talk to when they
  were feeling sad, 81 percent. We recognize that as an opportunity, as to how
  we can develop that connectedness.” | 
| 
“We must work together to prevent
  suicide,” Denver Post, by State
  Legislator Dafna Michaelson Jenet, House District 30, June 28, 2018.[ix] 
   Suicide is one
  of the leading causes of death in our country. In 2016, we lost 45,000
  sisters, brothers, mothers, fathers and friends to suicide. That is more than
  car accident related deaths. An epidemic is unfolding before our eyes and
  studies tell us that suicide continues to increase, but we are failing to
  adequately invest in solutions….   
  A big
  disappointment this year was that the legislature did not pass my bill to
  establish a coordinated statewide campaign to end youth suicide. The bill
  would have also reduced the age at which a youth can seek confidential
  psychotherapy services from a licensed mental health professional without the
  consent of his or her parent or guardian, from 15 to 12. Suicide prevention
  does not happen at the moment of suicidality, it happens long before a person
  reaches the crisis stage — this is true for adults as well as youth. 
   The bottom
  line is this: Kids are committing suicide at young ages, and they should be
  able to access the help they so desperately need. It could save a life.   
  The suicide
  epidemic knows no bounds. It is affecting teens, veterans, and people of all
  races, identities and socio-economic backgrounds. We must do more to help
  Coloradans locate and receive the support they desperately need. | 
| 
“NAMI looks
  ‘Below the Surface’ to combat teen suicide,” The
  Colorado Independent, by Faith
  Miller, by June 6, 2018.[x]
  When
  five teenagers at his high school took their own lives in a single semester,
  Chad Hawthorne knew he had to do something. Two years ago, the National Alliance on Mental Illness Colorado Springs offered him — and a handful of other El Paso County students who’d been affected by tragedy — a way to help. 
  In
  2016, there were 15 completed youth suicides, a jump from seven in 2014 and
  14 in 2015, according to El Paso County Public Health. Colorado has one of
  the highest overall suicide rates in the country, and while statistically
  it’s hard to compare rates across counties, El Paso County’s rate has long
  been one of the worst.    | 
| 
“Colorado
  Vet's Death Offers Glimpse Into Suicidal Mind,” The Gazette (Colorado Springs), by Stephanie Earls, June 23, 2018.[xi] 
Higher rates 
   Since 1999 in Colorado, the heart of the so-called “suicide
  belt,” the number of people taking their own lives has increased by more than
  34 percent. 
   Higher rates in the American West are
  likely the result of a confluence of several factors, including greater
  access to firearms and terrain that can make crisis intervention especially
  challenging. | 
| 
“My Mother’s Suicide in Part of My Story and
  It’s Helping Me Change the Lives of Students,” Education
  Post, by LeeAndra Khan, CEO of Civitas Partners, June 6, 2018.[xii] 
   We don’t talk enough about mental
  illness and suicide in our schools. There are phrases we throw around to
  explain away someone’s differences or to discard people who can’t get it
  right, like, “he/she is crazy.” But as teachers, parents and community
  members, if we are truly about social justice, reform and active engagement,
  this is one of the things we must talk about—at length—and be more sensitive
  about. 
Listening Is an Act of
  Kindness 
It’s hard for all of us to do, especially
  educators but listen with an empathetic heart. Our students are trying to
  tell us what they need, but the constructs of schooling sometimes prevent us
  from truly hearing them. When we listen, we open up opportunities to build
  relationships. When we build relationships, student can feel connected. If
  they feel connected, they may ask for your help.  | 
| 
“Four takeaways from a new report on the status of Colorado’s
  children,” Chalkbeat Colorado, by Ann Schimke, March 22, 2018.[xiii] 
Colorado’s youth suicide rate is alarming —
   and guns figure into the equation 
   At a time when school shootings are
  fueling a push for gun control legislation in some quarters, KIDS COUNT’s
  authors note the prominent role that guns play in youth suicides, especially
  for boys. About half of males 10 to 19 who die by suicide use firearms. (In
  comparison, only about 20 percent of suicide deaths in girls involve
  firearms.)… 
   KIDS
  COUNT also raises concern about Colorado’s high youth suicide rate, which
  came up in the state legislature earlier this year after a high-profile suicide of a 10-year-old Aurora girl.
  In 2016, there were 18 suicides for every 100,000 people aged 15 to 19 in the
  state — higher than in all but two of the last 25 years. The problem is particularly
  acute in two counties: El Paso and Mesa, where teen suicide rates were 29 per
  100,000 in 2016. | 
| 
“Colorado kids doing better in many areas, but face
  problems with suicide, school funding, infant mortality, report says,” Denver Post, by Monte Whaley, March 22, 2018.[xiv] 
   One of the most troubling areas pointed
  out by the report is teen suicide in Colorado. In 2016, 18 out of every
  100,000 Colorado teens died by suicide — the highest teen suicide rate since
  1991. 
  
  Among people ages 10-24 in Colorado, suicide is the leading cause of
  death, Kids Count said. 
  
  “Tragically, suicide has claimed the lives of far too many Colorado
  children and adolescents,” said Kelley Causey (the president and CEO of
  the Colorado Children’s Campaign). | 
| 
“Rates up in all but 1 state between 1999 and 2016,”
  The Washington
  Post, by Amy Ellis Nutt, June 7, 2018. [xv] 
  
  Suicide
  rates rose in all but one state between 1999 and 2016, with increases seen
  across age, gender, race and ethnicity, according to a report released
  Thursday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention….       
  
  Increasingly, suicide is being viewed not only as a mental health
  problem but a public health one. Nearly 45,000 suicides occurred in the
  United States in 2016 — more than twice the number of homicides — making it
  the 10th-leading cause of death. Among people ages 15-34, suicide is the second-leading
  cause of death. | 
| 
  They conducted a nationally
  representative survey of nearly 6,000 middle and high school students. Their
  study, "Digital Self-Harm Among Adolescents," revealed that 6 percent
  of students say they have cyberbullied themselves. 
  "These are youth who are knowingly and
  intentionally posting negative messages about themselves—and reporting that
  they did so to researchers. We should be deeply concerned that there are
  young people out there who are struggling and not getting the support that
  they need," researcher Danah Boyd said in an email. 
…In March, Twitter introduced the
  policy by suspending accounts that had used trigger words implying self-harm
  or suicide, including the phrases "I want to die" and "kill
  myself." That resulted in criticism from Twitter users who share and
  post memes, expressing concern that the site may be unable to distinguish
  when such phrases are being used for humor and entertainment. | 
| 
“Middle School Suicides Reach
  An All-Time High,” National Public Radio, by Elissa Nadworny, Nov. 4, 2016.[xvii] 
  
  There's a perception that children don't kill themselves, but that's
  just not true. A new report shows that, for the first time, suicide rates for
  U.S. middle school students have surpassed the rate of death by car crashes. 
  
  The suicide rate among youngsters ages 10 to 14 has been steadily
  rising, and doubled in the U.S. from 2007 to 2014, according to the Centers for Disease Control and
  Prevention. In 2014, 425 young people 10 to 14 years of age died by suicide.  | 
| 
A
  FEW EFFORTS TO ADDRESS TEEN SUICIDE | 
| 
“School grants to fight
  suicide,” Denver Post, by Monte
  Whaley, June 24, 2018.[xviii] 
 
  Colorado
  schools will soon divide $400,000 into small grants to pay for
  suicide-prevention training for all campus employees, including teachers,
  front-desk attendants and custodians. The training, supporters say, is
  designed to bolster the fight against a rising tide of suicides by youths. 
  But
  a more comprehensive suicide-prevention measure that backers say would have
  done more to help troubled teens was nixed by Colorado lawmakers during the
  2018 sessions. The proposal was attacked largely over a provision to lower
  the age from 15 to 12 that children could get therapy without parental
  consent…. 
  In
  Colorado, suicide is the second leading cause of death for people ages 10-24.
  And it’s mostly because youths today face unprecedented pressures from modern
  society and social media, Shannon Hawley said…. 
  
  Hawley
  said suicide-prevention training should not be limited to teachers and others
  who deal with particular age groups. “Nor should we put an age requirement on
  our youth seeking counseling,” Hawley said. “Suicide does not discriminate on
  age. We have 10- and 11-year-old babies who are taking their own lives.” 
   The
  grants will be especially useful in Colorado’s rural school districts, which
  don’t have ready access to school therapists and counselors, officials say.
  The suicide rate among rural Coloradans ages 15-19 is double the rate of
  their peers in the state’s more urban areas…. 
   Metro-area schools districts, including Jefferson County Public Schools
  and Denver Public Schools, have their own far-reaching suicide prevention programs.
  At DPS, the Signs of Suicide curriculum — taught in sixth and ninth grades —
  focuses on supporting students to identify warning signs of depression and
  reporting to a trusted adult, say officials. | 
| 
“Colorado lawmakers
  take one small step – but no more – to reduce youth suicide,”  
Chalkbeat Colorado, by Erica Meltzer, May
  8, 2018.[xix] 
   A bipartisan bill that’s
  headed to the governor’s desk allocates $400,000 for small grants of between
  $5,000 and $10,000 to schools to train staff in suicide prevention. 
   This modest yet hard-won bill is the only
  legislation this year that directly addresses the second leading cause of
  death for people aged 10 to 24 in Colorado. When the session started, many
  people were still shaken by the news that an Aurora fifth-grader had taken
  her own life, news that came on the heels of several suicides by teenagers at
  suburban high schools. | 
| 
   “A Growth Mindset Isn't Enough. It's Time for a Benefit Mindset.” Subtitle: “Could a focus on altruism curb student
  suicide?” Education Week, by Arina Bokas & Robert Ward, June
  19, 2018.[xx] 
Halfway through 2018, our nation is deep in thought: What is
  happening—or not happening—in our schools and communities that causes our
  teenagers to take their own lives or cut short the lives of others? … Suicide rates increased in 49 states and the District of Columbia from 1999 to 2016—including by more than 30 percent in 25 states, according to a report released this month by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Nevada is the sole outlier.) For teenagers ages 15-19, the numbers are also alarming: After a decrease starting in the mid-1990s, suicides doubled between 2007 and 2015 for girls and rose 30 percent for boys, according to 2017 CDC data. 
   Could it be that the escalating instances
  of teen violence are, in part, an unintended consequence of ensuring that the
  world around each child is tailored just to him or her? …  
  This all
  gets to one of the root causes of teen suicides: Many disaffected youths see
  no purpose in living. Currently, we invest in teens' well-being by boosting
  their confidence, determination, and work ethic—all with an emphasis on
  self-improvement. Consequently, children define success by their grades,
  garb, and gadgets. Later, it's all about the job they will hold, the salary
  they will earn, and the things they will buy. 
   Yet, how
  often do we expect our children to intentionally give back or pay forward? | 
| 
Letter to Editor – (Education Week) - excerpts from a response
  to the article above,  
  
  In a recent Commentary, the
  authors outlined how serious the plight of our young people is today,
  highlighted by the stunning increase in their suicide rates ….  a lifetime of trying to determine how we
  can best prepare children for the future has taught me that the roots of the
  suicide problem go much deeper. 
   Our present education
  system wrongly sees children as mini-adults. Too focused on funneling
  students to become future workers or college students, the current
  educational system fails to recognize the individual potential of its
  students. Each child is unique, gifted with a potential which is guided by a
  moral compass. 
   Education should first
  serve each child's potential—the foundation for a successful and fulfilling
  life. When education does this, students are in a better position to receive
  the support they need to succeed in the classroom…. 
   Students are often in a
  defensive position in the classroom, but they can develop a more open attitude
  when teachers show that they are willing to help them prepare for life. As a
  result, when teachers help students, students are then encouraged to reach
  out and help their peers. Connecting with students on a more personal level
  contributes to both scholarship and character development. | 
| 
“How Teens Are
  Helping Other Teens With Suicide Prevention,” 4 CBS Denver, by Jamie Leary, Sept.
  25, 2017.[xxii] 
    It took two
  suicide attempts before a Colorado Springs teen found a reason to live and
  began to wonder, “What if teens hold the answer to the youth suicide problem
  in Colorado?”… 
    “I don’t really know how it started. Just
  one day, I woke up and I want to say I was bored with life. There was nothing
  keeping me here. I would cry at the drop of a hat and I just, I never knew
  why.” 
    Compounding those feelings,
  Macy experienced the loss of several classmates by suicide. She said the
  efforts of her school to help were well-intended but didn’t work. 
   “They (schools) have a script they
  have to read to us,” said Macy Rae. “These kids that are killing
  themselves, they’re our friends, they’re our classmates, they’re our
  peers. There’s an empty chair over there and that chair belonged to this
  person and it’s just traumatic and that script makes everyone so angry that
  we don’t pay attention.”… 
   According to the Colorado Department of Public
  Health and Environment, the suicide
  rate for teens ages 10 to 18 nearly doubled between 2006 and 2016. It rose
  from 5.4 per 100,000 to 10.5. 
   It is the second leading cause of death
  among teenagers in Colorado. 
  While Macy’s voice brings a new and crucial voice to the issue,
  other organizations continue to fight as well. Since 2002, the
  Second Wind Fund  has helped nearly 4,500
  teenagers who are at risk of suicide. Today, every single one of those teens
  is still alive. Like Macy, Second Wind helps teens find a reason to live. It
  has created a network of counselors ready to jump in, free of charge. | 
Addendum
B – Passages dealing with suicide – from literature in the high school
curriculum
Three works often read in American high schools. Students encounter
scenes like these – on suicide.  Passages
that deserve a good discussion.  
Topic for the English Department: How do we engage our students in
such passages?  How personal do we
get?  Where do we “draw the line”? 
Hamlet
Act I, scene II -  O that this too too solid flesh would melt, 
Thaw, and resolve itself
into a dew!
Or that the Everlasting
had not fixed 
his canon ’gainst
self-slaughter!
Act III, scene I - To be or not to be, that is
the question:
Whether tis nobler in
the mind to suffer 
The slings and arrows of
outrageous fortune 
Or to take arms against
a sea of troubles, 
And by opposing end
them. To die—to sleep—
No more; and by a sleep
to say we end 
The heartache, and the
thousand natural shocks 
  That flesh is heir to. ’Tis a consummation 
  Devoutly to be wished. 
Death of a Salesman
From Requiem, following the funeral
LINDA: Forgive me, dear.
I can’t cry. I don’t know what it is, but I can’t cry. I don’t understand it.
Why did you ever do that? Help me, Willy, I can’t cry. It seems to me that
you’re just on another trip. I keep expecting you. Willy, dear, I can’t cry.
Why did you do it?  I search and search
and I search, and I can’t understand it, Willy. I made the last payment on the
house today. Today, dear. And there’ll be nobody home. A sob rises in her throat.
We’re free and clear. Sobbing more fully,
released: We’re free. We’re free … We’re free …
The Catcher in the Rye 
From chapter 22
“…So Stabile, with about
six other dirty bastards, went down to James Castle’s room and went in and
locked the goddam door and tried to make him take back what he said, but he
wouldn’t do it. So they started in on him. I won’t even tell you what they did
to him – it’s too repulsive – but he still
wouldn’t take it back, old James Castle. And you should’ve seen him.  He was a skinny little weak-looking guy, with
wrists about as big as pencils. Finally, what he did, instead of taking back
what he said, he jumped out the window. 
I was in the shower and all,
and even I could hear him land
outside, But I just thought something fell out the window, a radio or a desk or
something, not a boy or anything. Then I heard everybody running through the
corridor and down the stairs, so I put on my bathrobe and I ran downstairs too,
and there was old James Castle laying right on the stone steps and all.  He was dead, and his teeth, and blood, were
all over the place, and nobody would even go near him.”
[ii] AV #180 - Mission statements from 10 high-performing
schools–education for LIFE. (June 12, 2018)
[iv] Tragically, all too close to home for many schools in
my school district, Douglas County.
 
